VO2 max is the maximum rate at which your body can consume oxygen during exercise. It's the single strongest predictor of all-cause mortality — stronger than blood pressure, cholesterol, or smoking status.
The Stack Analyzer maps your goals and current data to the right measurement path, protocol, and stack — in order.
A 2018 study in JAMA Network Open following 122,000 patients found that low cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) was the strongest predictor of mortality — comparable in magnitude to smoking, and stronger than hypertension, diabetes, or high cholesterol.[1] Moving from the lowest to the second-lowest fitness quartile reduced mortality risk by 50%+.
VO2 max reflects the integrated capacity of your heart, lungs, blood, and muscles to deliver and use oxygen. It declines ~10% per decade after 30 without deliberate training. Preserving it is one of the highest-leverage longevity interventions available.
mL/kg/min (milliliters of O₂ per kg of bodyweight per minute)
Above 43 mL/kg/min ("good")
Above 51 ("excellent")
Above 37 mL/kg/min ("good")
Above 45 ("excellent")
Every 3–6 months during active training
Reference ranges vary by lab, age, sex, medication status, and clinical context. Use these as discussion prompts with your clinician — not as diagnosis.
See: Interpreting low VO2 max — what it means and how to respond →
The Stack Analyzer uses your measurements to build a personalized protocol, supplement stack, and 30-day plan.